SQ3R Method of Reading †Retain More Information

Throughout college and graduate school, you can expect to be assigned a great deal of reading,  and students who arent comfortable with reading or who feel like their skills are deficient will find it hard to succeed.  Attend class without having read and youll hurt only yourself. The most efficient students read with purpose and set goals. The SQ3R Method is designed to help you read faster and retain more information than ordinary reading methods. SQ3R stands for the steps in reading: survey, question, read, recite, review. It might seem like it takes more time to use the SQ3R method, but youll find that you remember more and have to reread less often. Lets take a look at the steps: Survey Before reading, survey the material. Glance through the topic headings and try to get an overview of the reading. Skim the sections and read the final summary paragraph to get an idea of where the chapter is going. Survey — dont read. Survey with purpose, to get a background knowledge, an initial orientation that will help you to organize the material as you read it. The surveying step eases you into the reading assignment Question Next, look at the first heading in the chapter. Turn it into a question. Create a series of questions to be answered in your reading. This step requires conscious effort but is worth it as it leads to active reading, the best way to retain written material. Asking questions focuses your concentration on what you need to learn or get out of your reading  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  it provides a sense of purpose. Read Read with purpose — use the questions as a guide. Read the first section of your reading assignment to answer your question. Actively search for the answers. If you finish the section and have not found an answer to the question, reread it. Read reflectively. Consider what the author is trying to say, and think about how you can use that information. Recite Once you have read a section, look away and try to recite the answer to your question, using your own words and examples. If you can do this, it means that you understand the material. If you cannot, glance over the section again. Once you have the answers to your questions, write them down. Review After reading the entire assignment, test your memory by reviewing your list of questions. Ask each one and review your notes. Youve created a set of notes that provide an overview the chapter.  You likely will not have to reread the chapter again. If youve taken good notes, you can use them to study for exams. As you review your notes, consider how the material fits with what you know from the course, experience, and other classes. What is the informations significance? What are the implications or applications of this material? What questions are you left with? Thinking about these bigger questions helps to place what youve read within the context of the course and your education — and is likely to lead to better retention. The extra steps of the SQ3R method may seem time-consuming, but they lead to a better understanding of the material so youll get more out of the reading with fewer passes. How many of the steps you follow is up to you. As you become more efficient you may find that you can read more — and retain more — with less effort. Regardless, if an assignment is important, be sure to take notes so that you dont have to reread it later.

The Iliad by Homer Book 1 - 711 Words

The Iliad: Book I, is about the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon in the beginning of the Trojan War. It shows how vigorous Achilles’ rage was and that he is no one to mess with. The book states â€Å"Peleus’ son Achilles, murderous, doomed†. This shows his fury in just a few words. Achilles was a Greek hero who was the son of a Goddess named Thetis. He was an incredible solder; brave, violent and godlike. However, Agamemnon was the commander of the Achaean Army. He was greedy, aggressive and selfish. He was described as â€Å"the most grasping man alive†. He absolutely hated Achilles. I feel that he was jealous of how respected Achilles was among the ranks in the army because of his superior skills in the field of battle. Agamemnon claimed Chryseis as his prize, after sacking a Trojan town. Chryseis was a daughter of a Priest of Apollo, Chryses. He offered an enormous ransom to get his daughter back. At first Agamemnon didn’t want it but the people round him persuaded him that it would be best to let her go so they could be released from the plague that Apollo put on them. Agamemnon then poised to Achilles that he is going to steal Achilles prize, Briseis. This is when Achilles’ rage shows at its best. He nearly draws his sword to kill Agamemnon but he is stopped by the goddess, Athena. The Iliad presents its subject clearly from the beginning of the text. The book focuses mostly on the rage of Achilles but other factors as well. The text states that â€Å"the rage of Peleus’ sonShow MoreRelatedGreek Mythology1294 Words   |  6 Pagesin discussion and debate in tutorials, developing arguments, and writing essays. Required Texts: 1) Aeschylus, Oresteia, trans. C. Collard (Oxford World s Classics) 2) Euripides, Bacchae, trans. Paul Woodruff (Hackett) 3) Hesiod, Works and Days and Theogony, trans. Stanley Lombardo (Hackett) 4) Homer, The Iliad, trans. Robert Fitzgerald (New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux) 5) Homer, The Odyssey, trans. Robert Fitzgerald (New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux) 6) Virgil, The Aeneid,Read MoreHomer: The Most Famous Greek Poet751 Words   |  4 Pages Whether Homer was real or not, a group of people, a boy or a girl; one thing we are sure of is that â€Å"Homer† wrote two of the best epic poems. The Iliad, which was based on the tenth year of the Trojan War and the Odyssey, which was about a guy named Odysseus who goes on many adventures as he tried to get home to his son and his wife. From what we know Homer was the most famous of all Greek poets because of his written works, his legendary history, and his influential work. â€Å"Hateful toRead MoreIliad - Self image1193 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Iliad Essay Prompt 1. Complete one take home essay. Provide textual evidence, specific lines and incidents from The Iliad that proves your thesis. You may also draw from The Odyssey. Use in text parenthetical documentation according to MLA standards. The style guide that many colleges use is DianaHacker.com. We will use this style guide for both MLA format and grammar and mechanics. If you have any questions about MLA format, refer to DianaHacker.com. This paper needs to read asRead MoreAchilles and Homer1298 Words   |  6 PagesGreek/ Roman 3 June 2011 Homer and The Impact He Has Left Behind Homer can be said one of the greatest poets perhaps even literarily genius of all time. If you can get past the part that Homer may or not even be a person at all. There is no concrete knowledge of even his existence but scholars would say that it is safe to assume if he did existed it would be around 8-9 century BCE. Most likely he would be from the Island of Chios due to the writing style of the Iliad. One thing we do know is thatRead MoreEssay on The Iliad1084 Words   |  5 PagesThe Iliad The work of Homer was very important to the Greek Civilization; it gave the Greek a structure of personality to follow. It is assure that The Iliad’s roots reach far back before Homer’s time. Homer focused several characteristics of how their ancestors behaved and such behavior was to be passed on to the new generations. In The Iliad, Homer emphasized the role of the gods in the daily events, and how every happening was based of the desires of the gods. Homer also focused on theRead MoreThe Iliad Herioc Code1444 Words   |  6 PagesKenneth Ballard CLA 202: Classical Epic: Gods and Heroes Paper #1 The heroic code in the Iliad is expressed by many characters throughout the book, whether it be through their actions, intentions, or teachings. The heroic code stems from the belief that honor is, above all, the most important virtue in life and all men must honor themselves, their families, and their fellow comrades through specific character traits and actions. This concept is the primary goal in a Homeric hero’s lifeRead MoreHector and Achilles as Classic Heroes of Homers Iliad Essay983 Words   |  4 Pages Hector and Achilles as Classic Heroes of Homers Iliad nbsp; nbsp; nbsp; Literary heroes have been important to stories and poems throughout history. Each author develops his hero through a unique writing style, combining conscious use of detail, diction, tone and other narrative techniques to outline a heros personality. Homer, in his epic poem The Iliad, develops two classic heroes who are distinctly different at first glance, but upon closer inspection are very similar inRead More Iliad Essay1253 Words   |  6 PagesThe Iliad and The Odyssey are two epic poems with both similar and different styles to the structure of the poems, as well as each poem having the same gods incorporated into the stories intervening with the day to day lives of the mortals. Greek poetry before Homer was all composed orally; therefore it is assumed that Homer’s works are the first written works of art (Joachim Latacz, page 15). Scholars who have spent extensive time researching the origin of Homer’s work cannot verify a specificRead MoreEpic Heroism And Values Of The Iliad1030 Words   |  5 PagesHope Schoenhut DWC 101: Paper 1 November 1, 2017 Epic Heroism and Values of the Greek and Roman Culture The image of Achilles killing Hector and the image of Aeneas killing Turnus classify them as epic heroes. In the Greek epic poem the Iliad, Homer portrays Achilles as an enraged warrior fighting for revenge for a woman he loved. In the Roman epic poem the Aeneid, Virgil portrays Aeneas as fleeing the city of Troy to establish a new city. Achilles and Aeneas are epic heroes because they bothRead MoreJustice and Love in the Iliad 959 Words   |  4 Pages Simone Weil argues that the way Homer presents war and the use of force in the Iliad, in all of its brutality, violence, and bitterness bathes the work in the light of love and justice (pg 25). The point Weil is making is that by depicting the suffering of all of these men regardless of their side, or strength Homer equalizes them in a â€Å"condition common to all men†(pg 25). Because Homer equalizes them the reader can feel empathy, or at least compassion for all of the men. However while Weil is

Golden Lion Tamarin Facts

The golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia) is a small New World monkey. The tamarin is easily identified by the reddish gold hair that frames its hairless face like a lions mane. Also known as a golden marmoset, the golden lion tamarin is an endangered species. So far, the tamarins have been saved from extinction by captive breeding in zoos and reintroduction into their native habitat. However, the outlook for this species in the wild is grim. Fast Facts: Golden Lion Tamarin Scientific Name: Leontopithecus rosaliaCommon Names: Golden lion tamarin, golden marmosetBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 10 inchesWeight: 1.4 poundsLife Span: 15 yearsDiet: OmnivoreHabitat: Southeastern BrazilPopulation: 3200Conservation Status: Endangered Description The most obvious characteristic of the golden lion tamarin is its colorful hair. The monkeys coat ranges from golden yellow to red-orange. The color comes from carotenoids—pigments in the animals food—and the reaction between sunlight and hair. The hair is longer around the monkeys hairless face, resembling a lions mane. The golden lion tamarin is the largest of callitrichine family, but its still a small monkey. An average adult is about 26 centimeters (10 inches) long and weighs about 620 grams (1.4 pounds). Males and females are the same size. Tamarins have long tails and fingers, and like other New World monkeys, the golden lion tamarin has claws rather than flat nails. New World monkeys, like the tamarin, use elongated fingers with claws to catch and eat prey. Steve Clancy Photography / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution The golden lion tamarin has a tiny distribution range, restricted to 2 to 5 percent of its original habitat. It lives in three small areas of coastal rainforest in southeastern Brazil: Poà §o das Antas Biological Reserve, Fazenda Unià £o Biological Reserve, and tracts of land set aside for the Reintroduction Program. Golden lion tamarin range. Oona Rà ¤isà ¤nen IUCN   Diet Tamarins are omnivores that eat fruit, flowers, eggs, insects, and other small animals. The golden lion tamarin uses its elongated fingers and toes to catch and extract its prey. Early in the day, the monkey feeds on fruit. In the afternoon, it hunts for insects and vertebrates. The golden lion tamarin has a mutualistic relationship with nearly a hundred plants in the forest. The plants offer the tamarins food, and in return, the tamarins disperse seeds, helping regenerate the forest and maintaining genetic variability in the plants. Nocturnal predators hunt the tamarins when they are sleeping. Significant predators include snakes, owls, rats, and wild cats. Behavior Golden lion tamarins live in trees. During the day, they use their fingers, toes, and tails to travel from branch to branch in order to forage. At night, they sleep in tree hollows or dense vines. Each night, the monkeys use a different sleeping nest. Tamarins communicate using a variety of vocalizations. Reproductive males and females communicate using scent to mark territory and suppress reproduction of other troop members. When the dominant female dies, her mate leaves the group, and her daughter becomes the breeding female. Displaced males can enter a new group when another male leaves or by aggressively displacing one. Tamarin groups are highly territorial, defending themselves against other golden lion tamarins in their range. However, the practice of changing sleeping sites tends to prevent overlapping groups from interacting. Reproduction and Offspring Golden lion tamarins live together in groups of 2 to 8 members. A tamarin group is called a troop. Each troop has one breeding pair that mates during the rainy season—usually between September and March. Gestation lasts four and a half months. The female usually gives birth to twins, but can have anywhere from 1 to 4 infants. Golden lion tamarins are born with fur and with their eyes open. All members of the troop carry and care for the infants, while the mother only takes them for nursing. The babies are weaned at three months of age. Females become sexually mature at 18 months, while males mature at 2 years of age. In the wild, most golden lion tamarins live about 8 years, but the monkeys live 15 years in captivity. Conservation Status In 1969, there were only about 150 golden lion tamarins worldwide. In 1984, the World Wildlife Fund for Nature and National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C. started a reintroduction program that involved 140 zoos around the world. However, threats to the species were so severe that the tamarin was listed as critically endangered in 1996, with a total of 400 individuals in the wild. Today, the golden lion tamarin is categorized as endangered on the IUCN Red List, but its population is stable. An assessment in 2008 estimated there were 1,000 mature adults and 3,200 individuals of all ages in the wild. Despite the success of the captive breeding and release program, the golden lion tamarins continue to face threats. The most significant is habitat loss and degradation from residential and commercial development, logging, farming, and ranching. Predators and poachers have learned to identify monkey sleeping sites, affecting the wild population. Golden lion tamarins also suffer from new diseases when they are translocated and from inbreeding depression. Sources Dietz, J.M.; Peres, C.A.; Pinder L. Foraging ecology and use of space in wild golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia). Am J Primatol 41(4): 289-305, 1997.Groves, C.P., Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 133, 2005. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.Kierulff, M.C.M.; Rylands, A.B. de Oliveira, M.M. Leontopithecus rosalia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2008: e.T11506A3287321. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T11506A3287321.enKleiman, D.G.; Hoage, R.J.; Green, K.M. The lion tamarins, Genus Leontopithecus. In: Mittermeier, R.A.; Coimbra-Filho, A.F.; da Fonseca, G.A.B., editors. Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates, Volume 2. Washington DC: World Wildlife Fund. pp. 299-347, 1988.

Twelfth Night By William Shakespeare - 1937 Words

Twelfth Night channelizes the spirit of festivity and celebration associated with the ‘Feast of Epiphany’, which in Elizabethan England was marked as the finale of Christmas jubilations. In it’s own way mirroring the society and it’s indulgence in feasting, drinking and the carnal pleasures which in their own right undermined the teachings of the church. It is hard to overlook the emphasis laid on indulgence and the excess of it. Characteristically a Shakespearean comedy the plot is driven by the desires of the characters and the fulfilment of those desires. But unlike other comedies (for instance, As You like It) not all characters in Twelfth night are allowed to actualise their desires. These desires guide the characters to determine the course of the play. In order to understand the meta-narrative of the play we will deconstruct the text into themes of sexuality, gender norms and social hierarchy/ class power-play. Analysing the ways in which the author adheres to or subverts the societal norms with respect to the various the themes they lie within. The core essay will emphasise on three points - (i) scrutinising the superficial emancipation of the female characters from the patriarchal gender norms perpetuated in the society; (ii) establishing how the societyShow MoreRelatedTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1279 Words   |  5 Pages Within the play ‘Twelfth Night’ it can be argued that the audience may be entertained by the outlook of Malvolio’s gulling. To start with his name means â€Å"ill will† within Italian which already suggests his attitude towards the other characters thus showing his place within the play as an â€Å"unpopular†character. He is a part of a religious order who sought to regulate forms of worship. In modern time the word â€Å"puritan† is often used to mean Against pleasure . Historically, the word was has been usedRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1019 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered elements of a comedy. Shakespeare wrote a comedy called Twelfth Night because that’s the Christmas Celebration when pranks and deceptions were allowed when people were off work. However the last day 6th January was when all the decorations came down, which brought a tinge bit of sadness to the Elizabethans. William Shakespeare employs the dramatic conventions of mistaken identity and disguise to establish humour in an example of Act 2 Scene 2 of Twelfth Night. Viola realises Olivia is inRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1164 Words   |  5 PagesIn the comedy Twelfth Night written by William Shakespeare many of the characters experience emotional pain. The pain that a character name Olivia experiences is the death of her brother, causing her to mourn. Malvolio who is Olivias steward is involved with emotional pain caused by humiliation, which occurs more than once in this play. Lastly, a great deal of characters battle with the feeling of unrequited love. Even though Shakespeare wrote this as a comedy, there was still a mass amount of emotionalRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare2088 Words   |  8 PagesTwelfth Night, or, What You Will by William Shakespeare is a comedy that was written for the Christmas season. Twelfth Night presents many different topics through out the play like: crossdressing, homosexuality, unknown same sex desires, and undertones of talk about genitals. Although some are more noticeable than others, they are all present. I will be focusing mainly on the homosexuality of some of the characters and what the difference between that and just having a ‘male friendship.’ I will alsoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night2005 Words   |  9 Pagesrole that gender plays in Shakespeare’s work. Focus on Twelfth Night or King Lear—or discuss both plays together. Do you see these patterns repeated? Or do you see them being challenged and somehow undermined (implicitly or explicitly) in the plots and language of the play s)?† wants to know if Shakespeare wanted to break the pattern of women being passive objects to men in the literature. In the story Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare all of the roles are played by men. In the fifteenth centuryRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Twelfth Nig ht Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pageselements in plays and films. Slowly with the knowledge gained, we transitioned into examining the adaptations of the world famous playwright, William Shakespeare. For this assignment, we were to choose a modern Shakespeare adaption and compare its successes and failures to its traditional script. With the choices given, I decided to choose the Twelfth Night to its modern adaption directed by Andy Fickman called, â€Å"She’s the Man.† I was pleasantly surprised when I saw it as an option, therefore I feltRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1967 Words   |  8 Pages William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Twelfth Night† or â€Å"What You Will† was written around 1601-1602 with the primary performance being in February 1602. It is known to be a high point of Shakespearian comedy as it is one of Shakespeare’s finest works. Twelfth night was written to commemorate the close of the Christmas season being possi bly one of the first ever holiday specials, kind of like the Middle Ages version of â€Å"Love Actually†. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated duringRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night can easily be interpreted as a romance play. Given that the majority of the characters in the play in some way or another fall in love, but there are many twists that come with these romantic relationships. Some of the characters fall in love with the same character, others fall in love with a character that loves another, who actually loves another causing a chaotic love triangle. Within every romance a character is tragically hurt, turning the romance play intoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1762 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare wrote the romantic comedy play, Twelfth Night, in the year 1601. Despite being over 400 years old, people have been studying and performin g the play continuously. Even though some may argue American audience now cannot understand the significance of social hierarchy in the play nor the lines written in Shakespearean English, Twelfth Night remains popular today as shown by New York Times’ publishing of seven reviews on different performances of Twelfth Night. At the same time, ShakespeareRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night Essay2147 Words   |  9 Pagesaffection for another person,† love takes on many forms throughout life and literature (Merriam-Webster). Through its passionate drama and witty repartee, Twelfth Night, by William Shakespeare, explores the intricate, and often complicated, realm of interpersonal love. By tracing the intertwining storylines of four unique characters, Shakespeare communicates the futility of self-love, the desperation of hopeless love, and the immeasurable virtue of selfless love. An after-effect of human’s sinful

Global Terrorism Is An Act Of Violence And Strategy

Global Terrorism The rise on terrorism has dramatically increased in a diverse range of countries around the world. Within the last year, the world has achieved the highest number of attacks. Terrorism is an act of violence and strategy towards the government. One of the main purpose of terrorism is to not only add fear into the public, but also change the public’s eye. Now, global terrorism is a bigger issue that affects the world. Global terrorism does not just affect how the economies work but how civilizations continue to manifest. Global terrorism affects and targets religious groups, governments, and political parties. Terrorism can be caused by an individual or a group of people referred to as terrorist. People who are terrorist are able to break down their mental state of mind and risk their lives for what they believe in. It is almost impossible to track down these dangerous criminals because they keep such a low profile that no one can single them out from the regular public. There have been countries that have harbored terrorism worldwide, especially in the Middle East. There have been numerous events that led to disaster and eventually war. Most terrorist organizations are radical fundamentalists who commit terror in the name of their religion. Due to the shocking event of September 11, 2001, the US government made the â€Å"war on terror† the number one issue. Terrorism has been a part of global historyShow MoreRelatedGlobal Terrorism646 Words   |  3 PagesSTRATEGIES OF PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING GLOBAL TERRORISM Author’s Name Institutional Affiliation Date of Submission Terrorism is described as the violent and inhuman acts that get perpetuated for political, ideological, and religious goals with the aim of creating fear among the neutral military personnel. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), it entails the unlawful application of force to property or persons purposely to coerce the society or government inRead MoreTerrorists and Terrorism: The 9/11 Terror Attacks922 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorists and Terrorism: The 9/11 terror attacks is one of the historical and fatal events that changed the United States of America forever, especially in relation to terrorists and terrorism. While these concepts were on the minds of very few people in Americas population before the attacks, the 9/11 incident made terrorism to become one of the major concerns for the whole nation. This is despite of the fact that they were carried out in New York City, Washington, and parts of PennsylvaniaRead MoreGlobal War On Terrorism And Terrorism1367 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal War On Terrorism   Ã‚  Ã‚   The attack executed in the United States on September 11, 2001 was one of the worst attacks and acts of war ever seen in U.S. history. On that day 2,996 innocent people were killed, over 6,000 people were injured, and about $10 billion in structural and infrastructure damages was caused. The cost added up to $3 trillion in total.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Global War on Terrorism is a metaphor of war referring to the global military campaign led by the United States of America. The warRead MoreTerrorism : A Global Issue Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesAngela Brown Professor Miller English 112 13 Sept 2015 Terrorism Many of us will embrace our loved ones before leaving our homes to start a hectic workday. As we hug our children and kiss our spouses goodbye, the thought of losing them, or our lives to acts of terrorism, is typically not one to cross our minds. On September 11, 2001, this mere thought became the reality for many families. The eleventh of September will forever be remembered as the date a terrorist organization, known as al-QaedaRead MoreAs Shown By The British Security Service Mi5 And The French858 Words   |  4 PagesFrench government’s estimations of the current threat level of international terrorism, respectively defined as SEVERE in the United Kingdom (Security Service MI5, 2016) and HIGH in France (French Government, n.d.), terrorism is considered to be among the most significant security threat nowadays. Understanding what encourages the development of terrorism and being able to develop effective counterterrorism strategies is therefore a central goal to many gov ernments and policy makers today. As aRead MoreTerrorism And Areas Of Global Terrorism1391 Words   |  6 Pagesa decade terrorism has been a growing concern in the news. One of the most notorious acts of terrorism was 9/11. The events and aftermath of 9/11 was a wakeup call for many Americans. Not only was it a wakeup call to the citizens but also businesses were affected by it. The following paper will investigate terrorism and areas of global strategy impacted by terrorism. The paper will also investigate efforts to curb terrorist threats against globalization. Introduction Terrorism and global businessRead MoreTerrorism Is A Global Issue1462 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism is a global issue that has been a problem for many for centuries. Many agree that there is not just one clear definition of the word. The Dictionary.com definition of terrorism is, â€Å"The use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political purposes.† This definition is incomplete. It doesn’t tell you that the act of terrorism is wrong or does it describe who can be affected by it. The FBI’s definition seems to be a better description. They define it as, â€Å"TerrorismRead MoreTerrorism The word terrorism seems to be easy to define. It is a word that everyone is1100 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism The word terrorism seems to be easy to define. It is a word that everyone is familiar with. Terrorism, as used in todays media which covers a wide range of violent acts. Terrorism is violent acts that are intended to create fear(terror) are perpetrated for a religious ,political or ideological goal and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non civilians or we can say it is the threat of violence or an act of violence . Terrorism is an international problem in todays globalRead MoreThe Issue Of International Law1695 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Law reflects an effort by states to co-operate and achieve global aims such as safety from crime (including terrorism), whilst respecting individual state sovereignty and maintaining maximum participation of states. How effective is International Law in achieving this aim? What are the pitfalls and how might these be removed or the effects ameliorated? The term terrorism originated during the French revolution (1789-1799), referring to attempts by the new regime to consolidate itsRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1626 Words   |  7 PagesTerrorism can be categorized as â€Å"the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as means to create terror, or fear, to achieve a political, religious, or ideological aim (Fortna).† Although there is no formal definition of terrorism, we typically associate the words terrorism and terrorists with acts of violence that are used unlawfully to intimidate in pursuance of political gain. Terrorists do not act at random, but rather use violence to maximize on fear and publicity with a specific goal in

Business Strategy of an Organisation

Question: Discuss about Business strategy is very important for an Organization as it helps to attain Specific Goals and Objectives. It is one kind of Management Plan which helps to Increase the Performance of an Organization and without this it is really tough to compete in the Market with other Competitors. Answer: Defining Strategy It is the means by which objectives are deliberately followed obtained over the time. The word strategy has been originated from the Greek word stratgos, that has been derived from two words that are "stratos" (denoting army) ago (denoting leading/moving/guiding in Greek). We can also describe strategy as the determination of the basic long term objectives goals of an organization the implementing the course of action the allocation of resources which are required for fulfilling these goals (Mintzberg Waters, 2005). Various Levels of Business Strategy In an organization, strategies exists are several levels, ranging from the overall business (or group of business) through to personnel working in it. Corporate Strategies: This strategy is concerned with the overall scope purpose of the business to meet the expectations of the shareholders. Corporate strategy is an essential level because it is profoundly influenced by the business investors acts to monitor strategic decision making throughout the course of business. Corporate strategies are also known as the mission statement of the organization. Business Level Strategies: These strategies are concerned more with how a business competes in a particular market successfully. It is also concerned with strategic decisions about meeting the needs requirements of the consumers, product choice, attaining advantages over the competitors, creating new opportunities or exploring the existing opportunities. Operational Strategies: These strategies are concerned with how each portion of the business is systemized in order to deliver the business level corporate strategic directions. These strategies therefore focus on challenges of people, processes resources. (Ansoff , 2007). The success of any of the good organization is grounded on the measures which are placed out by the various stakeholders in the organization. In an organization, business strategy is vital for achieving the set objectives. In a marketable setting, the key aims usually revolve around gaining huge profits, expanding growing most prominently, diversifying. These goals must be attained for having a successful business in any prosperous industry (Grant, 2008). In order to compete healthily in the market, many business strategies can be utilized by existing new ventures. Most organization that have captured the market generally have a history of excellent functional strategies which have been set adhered strictly. Hence, it is crucial that once the strategies have been drawn enacted, the measures are entered into the system and are implemented (Burns Stalker, 2008). There are number of sources from where the strategies can be gained put into use. The major route is through educational systems. There are management courses available for the students from where they can grasp the knowledge on various commercial factors which are necessary for success. They are all open to various career aspects skills like branding, team building, marketing, etc. which impact the day to day operations of any organization. Moreover, there are other platforms such as internet sources enterprising conferences talks, by which a lot of information exchanges can take place, highlighting various factors encountered in the business world. There are numerous issues which are discussed on these platforms such as entrepreneurship communication skills, and also management accountability skills which are very important to successfully run a business. There are various governing authorities across the world which ensures that these strategies are ratified achieved via numerous support options, offering moral financial support. These governing authorities also organize numerous workshops seminars for the business entrepreneurs to shape their skills, knowledge expertise, all these elements are important to successfully run any business. These business strategies have done a credible job in safeguarding the success of many business organizations (Quigley, 2004). Process of Business Strategic Management Define the current business mission: Every organization has to select the basis on which it will compete in the marketplace, i.e. which are the products that will be offered by the business, where theyll be selling their products or services, and how these products are services offered will be different from its competitors. This step includes setting up the organization mission statement, strategies, objectives tactics. Performing external internal audit: Generally, the strategic planning is executed by doing the external internal environmental analysis. SWOT analysis is used by the organizations in order to facilitate the external internal audit and to identify the strengths, weaknesses, threats opportunities. Formulating vision and mission statements: On the basis of the SWOT analysis, companies decide on what their new business model should and what would be their new mission vision statement. Translating mission into strategic goals: The mission of the organization is divided into strategic goals, i.e. various goals are set that will help in attaining the mission and vision of the organization. Articulating strategies to attain strategic goals: Strategies are the course of action that describes the way in which an organization will run its business. The best strategies are concise, so that they can easily be conveyed by the organizational leaders to the employees. Implementation of strategies: Strategies are translated into results actions. Strategy implementation involves application of all the management functions such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing or leading and controlling. Performance Evaluation: Managing and evaluating strategies is an ongoing process. Keeping the strategic control helps an organization to maintain its strategies up to date (Wells, 2002). SWOT Analysis This tool is used to analyse the internal weaknesses strengths of the organization, also the external threats opportunities to the business. The key motive of doing SWOT analysis is to discover the strategies which match, fit or align with capabilities resources of the organization to the demand of the organization in which the business competes. The motive of the strategic alternatives produced by SWOT analysis should be developed on the strengths of the company to exploit the opportunities lessen the threats to precise weaknesses of the business (Freeman, 2004). PEST Analysis The tool is used to scan the external macro environment where the business functions. These factors can be determined in terms of the below stated aspects: Political Economic Social Technological PEST framework is applied to analyze the macro environmental factors. A PEST analysis fits into complete environmental scan (Harrison, 2002). Political factors consist of legal issues government regulations. And both these factors involve informal formal rules under which the business operated. Few of the political factors comprises environmental regulations laws, political stability, tax policies, level of corruption trade restrictions trade tariffs. Economic factors impacts the potential customers purchasing power the capital cost of the organization. Some of the economic factors include interest rates, economic development, exchange tariffs inflation rates. Social Factors comprises of demographic cultural aspects of the external macro environment. The social factors impact the needs size of the potential market. Some of the examples of these social factors consist of growth rate of population, health consciousness, career attitude, age distribution emphases on safety technological factors. Technological factors help the organization in lowering the entry barriers, persuading outsourcing decisions dropping minimum efficient level of productivity. Technical factors consist of factors such as automation, technological incentives, rate of technological changes and research development activities (Daft, 1998). Conclusion In todays world, the top management faces many composite strategic challenges. The strategic management consists of the analysis of internal external environments, formation implementing of its strategic plan strategic control. The steps mentioned in the process are related to each other and always done simultaneously in most of the organizations. An organizations strategy sometimes needed some modifications before it can be completely implemented because of the continuous changes in organizational environmental conditions. As the environmental and organizational changes are most of the times very hard to predict, changes made substantially in the environment are can transform companys realized strategy into a strategy which is very much different from the intended strategy(Mintzberg, 2005). References Ansoff, H I (2007) Corporate Strategy an analytic approach to business policy for growth and expansion, Boston: McGraw-Hill Burns, T. and Stalker, G.M. (2008), The Management of Innovation. London: Tavistock. Daft, R. (1998), Organizational Theory and Design. New York: West Publishing. Freeman R E (2004) Strategic Management : a Stakeholder Approach London: Pitman Grant, R.M. (2008), Contemporary Strategy Analysis. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. Harrison R (2002) Understanding Your Organisations Character. Harvard Business Review 50 (23) 119 123) Hofer CW and Schendel D (1979) Strategy formulation: analytical concepts St Paul: West Mintzberg, H. (1997). The strategy concept I: Five Ps for strategy. California Management Review, 30(1), 1124. Mintzberg, H., Waters, J. A.(2005). Of strategies, deliberate and emergent. Strategic Management Journal, 6, 257272. Wells, K. (2002). Floating off the page: The best stories from the Wall Street Journals middle column. New York: Simon Shuster. Quote from page 97. Quigley, J. V. (2004). Vision: How leaders develop it, share it, and sustain it. Business Horizons, 37(5), 3741

The Endless Torture of Animal Experimentation Argu Essay Example For Students

The Endless Torture of Animal Experimentation Argu Essay mentative Persuasive EssaysThe Endless Torture of Animal Experimentation Is using animals in medical research necessary? Some people would say yes, others would say no but whos right? No matter what one thinks or believes this question still remains, yet to be answered. At first this question seems like its answer lies within ones opinion and only that, but if you look closer there is a lot more to it than opinion. Feeling sorry for the animals is definitely where it starts for people who dont agree with animal testing; but thats not where it ends. Scientists and medical researchers say that animal testing is the future to finding cures. They also believe it is cruel to use animals to test our products on but there are no other options. Using animals for testing helps them figure out what will work and not work on humans. Using animals can help find cures faster and help prevent more human deaths. Although some people believe thats true, I have a different opinion. While reading arti cles from different doctors, I discovered that using animals in the medical area hasnt helped humans near what people think it has. Just because animals are living breathing creatures like us, doesnt mean their systems are anything like ours. In fact, theyre not anything like ours. There has been testing after testing done on animals to help find cures and medicine that will work on humans. After all that what do we have to show for it? A puzzle with missing pieces that we are not going to find not this way. Ray Creek, a board -certified doctor, explains why the use of animals actually slows down medical research. The simplest explanation is that animal experiments provide misleading data. At best, they tell us a good deal about how animals experience disease, but they rarely tell us something of value that can be applied to humans. Animal tests provide additional data, but not a higher level of accuracy. This very subject is something that I have always thought of, but never though t I was right. What good is it going to do us to use animals to test medicines on if its not even helping? Another statement Ray Creek said was that The General Accounting Office several years ago concluded that animal tests do not accurately predict how dangerous a drug will be in humans. In other words, drug tests on animals do not protect humans from harmful medications. It is hard for me to believe that after the horrible instances which have occurred, that they would continue to use this procedure. Especially where it does no good, and harms defenseless animals as well. The last thing that Ray talked about was focused on the study of AIDS. One area where human data has contributed far more than animal studies is in the area of infectious disease research, specifically the study of AIDS. An animal virus can be 99.9% similar to its analog in humans and still be completely different. A virus is a long chain, like a long series of letters, and if you take out one letter you have an entirely different word. That is why animal viruses are useless as a research tool. I really think that Rays point is a strong one. Using animals for the study of medicines ; specifically the use of AIDS research, is appearing to be useless isnt it? Using animals has helped research a little, but was it because they really worked or was it merle a coincidence that they happened to work? If one also considers the pain of the animals involved is it really worth it? Lets let you decide. Here are a few stories told by Neal Barnard, M.D., that I would like to share. Ratsky is the name I gave a small white rat I took home from the collage psychology lab many years ago. My first lesson in animal rights was taught by this little animal. The introductory course in psychology at my college used rats that were deprived of water for three days and then put into a Skinner Box (a box which delivers a few drops of water when a bar is pressed by the thirsty animal inside). At the end of the course , the rats are put together in a trash can, chloroform is pored over them and the lid is closed. What was gained by this experiment? Probably useful information for the students performing the experiment, and thats fine; but why did they have to kill them? There are other alternatives other choices that those students could have made. Neal shares another story about students who could also sign up to implant electrodes into a rats skull to show that electrical stimulation of the brain can affect behavior. During the implantation procedure, a stereotaxic device holds the rats head still, its metal bars thrust into both ear canals, breaking the eardrums. My professors response to my concern about the effects of this procedure on the rats was a joke. Well, I guess he wont be able to listen to his stereo in the morning. I was struck by the callousness of his remark. I was sufficiently desensitized myself that I proceeded without batting an eyelash. This experiment is one that was total ly unnecessary. The information gained here could have been gained some other way. That was a cruel ; sick way to gain some of information that could have been found in your book. There are other ways they can get the information needed, even if it takes a little bit of research. Here is a prime example of what I am talking about. Callaways Chemical Plant in Columbus, Georgia had to determine which of its dozens of new chemical products each year should be classified as corrosive. In tests required by the U.S. Department of Transportation,( DOT) the company paid a commercial laboratory $400 to $1200 per test to shave the hair off a rabbits back, then drizzle on a sample of wounds minutes to days later indicated the samples corrosivity. Last year, the company found a way out of its dilemma in the form of Corrositex, an in vitro test approved by DOT in 1993 as a substitute for the traditional rabbit skin test. Developed by California-based In Vitro International (IVI), the test gauges corrosivity according to the time required for a chemical sample to break through a skinlike protein membrane. The method yields results within a few hours and for as little as $100 per test, according the IVI. I wish that more companies would take the time to do what that company did. Realizing that animals are not hear just to perform experiments on, would be a big improvement in todays society. A man named Pave Pasquarelli has AIDS it was difficult for him at first to accept that fact that animal testing wasnt going to be able to help him. In an article written by him in the Tribune News Service he said, In their attempts to malign supporters of animal rights, these diseased minds claim that many people with AIDS are staying healthy longer because of medications developed through animal testing. However, they offer no bona fide proof of such medications or types of animal testing that have proved beneficial in bringing these medications to market. Even if such proof were offere d, this does not give human beings the right to utilize other creatures lives for their own purposes or negate the pain and suffering endured by animals in lab tests. Imagine what it must be like to have AIDS ; fully admit that one of scientists biggest hopes for helping you live is a failure. It took a lot of guts for him to study up ; talk to doctors wanting to know the truth, ; being able to accept it. Dr. Wendeline L. Wagner, a veterinarian at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, gave a speech at the annual meeting of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science in Minneapolis. Her speech was on about what to say to avoid conflict when asked the question What do you do at work?. In response they ask her How can you do that?, and her well knowing what they meant she responds with How can I do what? How can you kill animals all day?, they ask. She responds with, Thats a small part of my day. Just hearing that makes my stomach turn. How someone can be so cruel is b eyond me. She goes on in her speech saying that rephrasing peoples sentences makes all the difference. Here she gives an example of what to say. For instance instead of saying I kill animals all day and cut them apart to find out why they died, say, I determine the cause of illness and death in research animals.' While that last sentence sounds much better, the first one is still true. It seems to me thats kind of like putting a dog on a lake in a boat full of holes, the dog drowns and you want to give it an autopsy to find out why it died. It doesnt make much sense. At the end of her talk this veterinarian ends with how to manipulate concersations ; talk about things that gets their mind off of what they really do. Its also good to Manipulate conversations so as to discuss the things youd rather talk about. For instance, we have an animal-care person who looks after our pigs. If someone asks him what he does for a living, he could just say, I take care of pigs in research. But a be tter answer includes a little story. He might say, I take care of pigs that are used in transplant studies, and boy, does that smell terrible at eight oclock in the morning. But you know, when they get to know me and start gnawing on my boots and begging to have their backs scratched, it isnt too bad. This makes the situation believable and diverts listeners. All I am saying is why subject these poor animals with endless torture if it isnt necessary? According to more than a few Doctors, animal testing isnt helping us progress and if anything it is slowing us down. So to answer my question I have addressed throughout this whole paper, no it is not necessary, nor helpful to continue to practice our medicines ; questions on helpless animals. .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 , .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .postImageUrl , .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 , .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:hover , .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:visited , .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:active { border:0!important; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:active , .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0 .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucb5f5a3f3687d40cd2d197693390f6e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human Nature Persuasive Essay